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Since the 1980s, mathematics educators around the world have accepted the view that to develop numeracy effectively, young children need initially to use strategies for mental calculation rather than to memorise textbook procedures. The term mental calculation refers to informal, often untaught...

In Zambia currently, there is evidence that the majority of the headteachers lack relevant training for their posts. In response to the challenge, there have been efforts to offer in-service training to the headteachers. However, while in-service training programmes are worthwhile efforts, there...

The study investigated the impact of curriculum innovations on pre-service primary teacher education in Zambia. The study collected views from teacher educators in Colleges of Education, educational administrators from Teacher Education Department, Curriculum Development Centre, Examinations...

The decline is a major excavation in metalliferous mining since it provides the main means of access to the underground and serves as a haulage route for underground trucks. However, conventional mining of the decline to access the ore body poses economic and technical challenges that require...

The relationship between religion (church) and education (state) through religious education (RE) in Zambia has passed through different stages of development. During the missionary period (1883/1890- 1924), RE was, naturally, offered in the form of Religious Instruction (RI) and was thus fully...