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Zambia amidst the chronic shortage of HRH, has been striving for almost two decades now, to "Provide cost effective health care services, as close to the family as possible". Children being most vulnerable have suffered chronic high child mortality rates still as high as 88 per 1,000 live births....

Background: Microbial translocation is a poorly understood consequence of several disorders such as environmental enteropathy (EE) and hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS) disease. Direct biomarkers of microbial translocation such lipopolysaccharide, 16S rRNA gene and Toll-like receptor ligands...

Lusaka city has over 70 percent of its population residing in peri-urban areas where more than 90 percent of the residents rely on pit latrines for excreta disposal. However, no Faecal Sludge Management (FSM) systems exist to manage the faecal sludge from these facilities. This situation results...

This Thesis examined whether public health expenditure had an impact on infant and under-five mortality in Tanzania. Additionally, it examines whether domestic government and donor expenditure on malaria had an impact on under-five malaria specific mortality in Tanzania Mainland. The average...

Background Environmental enteropathy is prevalent in many low and middle-income countries. Although its aetiology is unknown, we hypothesised that nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs), which are ubiquitous in the environment and are known to cause disease in the lungs, the gut, skin, bloodstream...

Zambia has experienced an unprecedented increase in the number of human anthrax outbreaks in the Western Province where cycles of epidemic outbreaks commonly occur at the onset of rains after prolonged dry periods and frequent outbreaks occur in Chama District of Muchinga Province. Epidemics are...

Climate variability and change are likely to continue bringing new weather patterns that pastoralists are unfamiliar with in view of increasing temperatures and prolonged flood or drought conditions. Thus, a study involving one hundred and twenty pastoralists was conducted in Namwala District in...

Mining is an important economic activity in many developed and developing countries and has the potential to shape and affect economies directly and indirectly. Zambia is regarded as a mining country because of the contribution of mining to its exports, domestic markets, employment, and...

This PhD thesis involved conducting a phonological and morphological analysis of loanwords from English into Icibemba, a major language spoken in the Northern, Copperbelt and Luapula provinces of Zambia as well as parts of Muchinga and Central provinces. The main aim of this research was to...

Pumpkins and Chinese cabbage are widely grown in peri urban areas with different soil types in Zambia using waste water which is potentially contaminated with heavy metals like copper and cobalt. The objectives of this study were to establish the effect of loading rates of heavy metals on sandy...