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While upgrading approaches have evolved over the years, and often include a focus on improving the livelihoods of people living in informal settlements, there remains little attention or understanding in the literature of how upgrading can influence the livelihoods of residents in informal...

The high density of people living per unit area in Kalikiliki, which is an informal settlement, has created land use conflicts. The prevalence of these unresolved land use conflicts presents a challenge for settlement upgrading. Without resolving land use conflicts, settlement upgrading will be a...