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The ideal situation is that HIV positive married individuals ought to use condoms throughout their sexual life in view of preventing themselves from HIV reinfection except when the couple opts to have a child. However, from the time the ART program was scaled up in various health centers in...

Little research has been performed to compare Cytomegalovirus (CMV) hepatitis with the traditional viral hepatitides (Hepatitis A, B and C) in patients with Human Immunodeficient Virus (HIV) . It is a well known fact that an HIV-positive patient co-infected with HBV or and HCV has increased...

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practice in the context of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a challenge especially when the infant is HIV negative because breastmilk may contain HIV. Some studies have shown a consistent lower risk postnatal HIV transmission from mother to infant of about...

The aim of immunization programme for children is to control infection in the community apart from individual protection. A lower level of herd immunity than what is necessary for solid individual protection can effectively control the incidence of communicable diseases if a high proportion of...

A pregnant teenager who drops out of school has her child predisposed to live in abject poverty as she joins the poverty cycle. Society pays a heavy price for children who are likely to lack proper parenting, economic security and at high risk of behavioral problems and vices such as crime,...

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of clinical features that increase cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in individuals. Up-to-date, there is no cheap, single surrogate test for MetS and current diagnostic criteria for the syndrome use scoring systems which are...

HIV disclosure and nondisclosure may have positive and negative impact on HIV positive clients and their sexual partners, family, and friends but very little was known in Zambia on the types of disclosure and its determinants. This study sought to answer two research questions; what risks or...

This study was necessitated by many gaps in pain research in Zambia. The percentage of doctors and nurses that assess pain using any indicator and what doctors and nurses do to treat pain. Therefore this study sought to answer the following overarching question. What do doctors and nurses do to...

This study was necessitated by many gaps in pain research in Zambia. The percentage of doctors and nurses that assess pain using any indicator and what doctors and nurses do to treat pain. Therefore this study sought to answer the following overarching question. What do doctors and nurses do to...