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Breast cancer (BC) patients in Zambia more commonly present with advanced-stage disease and often at young ages (≤50 years). Breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) is a tumor suppressor gene in which mutations have been linked to disease presentation at a young age. More than 600 distinct pathogenic...

Kappa casein is extremely important in tumor immunology and plays a crucial role in the early detection of breast cancer. In this research, functionalized iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were used for selective recognition of kappa casein (kcn) a breast cancer biomarker. The Fe3O4 was...

study assessed the extent to which the National Decentralisation Policy (NDP) had been implemented by Lusaka City Council (LCC) of Zambia, as of July, 2019. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the status of the implementation of the NDP by LCC, to examine the strategies of implementing...

Integrated development planning is a process that requires the involvement of stakeholders in determining the strategic development priorities to their development needs. Stakeholder participation is an instrument used meeting citizen’s development needs when they influence and share control over...

Beer is mainly produced through fermentation. This process happens in the presence of the only micro-organism that is allowed which is Saccharomyces cerevisiae which ferments the small sugars to produce alcohol, carbon dioxide and energy. A large percentage of microbial contamination occurs when...

Water insecurity is increasingly becoming a global problem, and African cities are at the coalface of this challenge. The water insecurity challenges in African cities are due in part to an interweave of factors such as rapid and often unplanned urbanisation, poor quality of infrastructure and...

In Kabwe, contamination resulting from lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn) and Cadmium (Cd) has led to high concentration of the heavy metals in the soils. These contaminations cause a serious threat to the food chain, mostly through the uptake of these metals by crops such as maize. This study was conducted to...

Housing is a basic human need and has been declared a human right by the United Nations. Despite housing being declared as such, there are still challenges to its provision. In Zambia, the government’s response to this challenge was to establish the National Housing Authority (NHA) through an Act...

This study sought to investigate the extent to which land use changes in Ndola Urban during the 22 years (1993-2015) have affected the planform of the Kafubu River using GIS and remote sensing techniques. The major objective was to assess the extent to which land use changes in Ndola urban have...

Finite mixture models are an important tool in modelling the distribution of a wide class of statistical problems. Mathematically, a g−component finite mixture model of multivariate t-distributions is specified by a convex combination (mixture distribution) of g multivariate t-distributions,...