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Background: Antenatal care provided by skilled health care professionals such as midwives is one of the three pillars of maternity care aimed at reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. In order to maximise the benefits of this pillar, pregnant women are required to book before 12...

Background: Sigmoid volvulus accounts for more than 50% of colon obstruction here in Africa are usually associated with significant morbidity, and prolonged hospital stay post-operative. Traditionally, nil by mouth 4-5 days has been the practice post one stage sigmoidectomy and primary...

The John Cunningham virus (JCV) is an opportunistic virus, which leads to the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Infection with the JCV occurs in childhood and the virus remains quiescent in the body, activating during immunosuppression. Exposure to the virus can be...

Introduction: Globally, bacterial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in low income countries. The global emergence of antimicrobial resistance undermines the management of infectious diseases. Internationally, there is a growing concern over antimicrobial...

Background- Trachoma is the most common infectious cause of blindness in Zambia. Many factors contribute to Trachoma infection. These include poor personal hygiene, lack of access to clean water, and availability and type of sanitary facility. To better understand factors contributing to the high...

Many people in the world lack safe basic drinking water sources and rely on untreated water sources. Unsafe drinking water is responsible for transmission of diseases such as Cholera, Dysentery and Typhoid. Packaged water can be considered as an alternative to other water sources if measures are...

Catheter associated urinary tract infection (C.A.U.T.I.) is the most common nosocomial infection in hospitals worldwide and the incidence has been reported to be upto 35%. The growing antibiotic resistance amongst the uropathogens isolated from CAUTI makes it difficult for its management.In...

Congenital anomalies (CA) is not only a leading cause of fetal loss, but also contributes significantly to preterm birth, childhood and adult morbidity along with impact on the mothers’ and their families’ psychosocial condition. From many studies, including those from Africa, it is apparent that...

Musculoskeletal injuries are extremely common in children and may strain health delivery services. Recognition of the extent and nature of the problem is cardinal in formulation of preventive strategies and ensuring good treatment outcome. This prospective hospital-based cross-sectional study...

A wide spectrum of vulvar lesions has been reported. However, few studies have characterized vulvar lesions among HIV infected women. HIV infected women have a higher risk of vulvar neoplasia than those who are not HIV infected. Furthermore, a rise in the incidence of vulvar cancer has been...