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The aetiology of urethral strictures is an important predictor of the course of urethral stricture disease as it influences the choice of treatment of a particular stricture and subsequently affects the outcomes of treatment. In low and middle income countries (LMICs) such as Zambia, which have a...

BACKGROUND: Chronic osteomyelitis is a debilitating infection of bone and its bone marrow, presenting with bone pain and an active sinus that discharges pus. It is a persistent and recurrent condition that results from infection of bone and its marrow by various microorganisms. Worldwide,...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and the presence of stereotyped repetitive behaviours. Despite the increase in the global prevalence of ASD, few studies have been done in Sub-Saharan Africa. The...

Anaemia is a global public health problem affecting people from different age groups, frequently, pregnant women, especially in the developing. WHO (1996) defines anaemia in pregnancy as haemoglobin (Hb) level below 11g/dl in the first half of the pregnancy and 10.5g/dl in the second half. The...

Introduction Delayed-healing in abdominal surgical wounds may be detrimental to patients and the health care. The author set out to investigate the effects of CD4+ count, serum albumin and haemoglobin (HB) levels on wound strength in HIV positive patients. Wound strength in this study is used to...

Background: The safe recovery of patients admitted to hospital depends on early detection of clinical and physiological deterioration and undertaking appropriate intervention to prevent mortality. Modified early warning score (MEWS) is a structured objective way of monitoring patients’ condition...

BACKGROUND Hydrotherapy plays an important role in the management of surgical patients, and especially so in those that have sustained burns to their skin. Different centers practice hydrotherapy differently. At the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, patients with burns in surgical...

Background - New born deaths account for approximately 40% of all deaths under five years of age in developing countries with the three major causes being birth asphyxia, infections, and complications due to prematurity and low birth weight (LBW). Birth weight is a significant determinant of...

In 1952, Virginia Apgar devised a system of scores as a means of evaluating the physical condition of the newborn immediately after birth. The Apgar score has since been accepted for use to assess newborns in almost all labour wards worldwide. While infant mortality is reducing worldwide,...

Arthroscopy is performed to evaluate or treat many orthopaedic conditions of which meniscal injuries are a huge part (Richmond et al, 2009). It is a minimally invasive procedure which is both diagnostic and therapeutic. Meniscal tears are responsible for 750,000 arthroscopies per year in the...