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Many people in the world lack safe basic drinking water sources and rely on untreated water sources. Unsafe drinking water is responsible for transmission of diseases such as Cholera, Dysentery and Typhoid. Packaged water can be considered as an alternative to other water sources if measures are...

Dietary exposure to several heavy metals at high concentrations including Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn), have been recognized as a risk to human health. This is through the consumption of vegetables. Hence, the study aimed at determining the concentration and bioaccumulation...

Cholera, an acute diarrheal disease, caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae and is usually transmitted through water or food contaminated with faecal matter. This study assessed the environmental factors associated with endemic cholera in Lukanga Swamps from 2010 to January, 2018. This was a Time...

Worldwide, over two thirds of human waste is released into the environment with little or no treatment. This later results in the deterioration of the urban environment in form of air, water, and land pollution that poses risks to human health and the environment. In the developing world,...

Environmental pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that have the potential to cause adverse health outcomes. Open waste disposal sites are among the main causes of environmental pollution and public health hazards. In Namibia, majority of the towns, including...

Lead poisoning has been a constant public health concern because children absorb more lead compared to adults. The resulting health effects are irreversible and include decreased cognitive functions development and death. Lead exposure to children is in various ways and one of the ways is use of...

Lead poisoning has been a constant public health concern because children absorb more lead compared to adults. The resulting health effects are irreversible and include decreased cognitive functions development and death. Lead exposure to children is in various ways and one of the ways is use of...

Introduction: Access to safe and clean water is important as a health and development issue at regional, national and local levels (World Health Organization, 2006). Throughout human history, the major health problems that humans have faced are concerned with community life such as control of...

The rapid population growth of Lusaka has brought adverse effects on water supply and sewage treatment facilities in the District. Consequently, authorities in Lusaka have allowed use of septic tanks and boreholes in the same area in some Townships. St. Bonaventure located about 7km from Town...

Monitoring and evaluation assessments of the IRS programmes reveal an inability to meet set IRS coverage targets. The purpose of this was to determine the factors that influence the low IRS coverage. A cross sectional household study was carried out in Lusaka District’s Mtendere, Kanyama and...