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Zambia national guidelines on the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) recommend that all pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers must have HIV tests every 3 months. However, less than 10% of pregnant women in Lusaka District get retested. Repeat HIV testing identifies women who...

Exclusive Breast Feeding practice which is the best feeding practice for infants aged from birth to six (6) months, has been facing a lot of challenges. Although information on exclusive breast feeding was being given to mothers during Antenatal, Postnatal and children’s clinic, the practice...

Background: Proteinuria is a non-specific and common laboratory finding in children that occur in a variety of kidney diseases. The causative factors of proteinuria are varied and may include infections such as Hepatitis B (HBV), HIV or malaria. In this study, we attempt to ascertain the...

Background: Group A beta haemolytic streptococcus(GABHS) associated pharyngitis is an important infection in children because of its potential to complicate into rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease - these are preventable with timely and appropriate antibiotic treatment. Physicians in...

BACKGROUND: Just 28 percent of Zambian adults aged 15-49 know their HIV status. Those who do not know they are infected with HIV can spread the virus to many others before they become ill, and without early diagnosis may not get the treatment and care they require. In spite of all efforts put in...

The Paediatric referral system is an important aspect of Health care service to sick children and their parents/guardians. It is the link between the Lusaka Urban Health Centres and UTH. When functioning effectively it is of the utmost importance in the ultimate morbidity and mortality of the...

Introduction:Sickle cell anaemia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among Zambian children, with a carrier frequency ranging from 6% – 27%. Infections are the most common cause of mortality among sickle cell children aged between one to five years, accounting for about 30% of the...

Introduction: Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a clinical condition in which fetal red blood cells are destroyed by maternal allo-antibodies directed red blood cell antigens acquired from the father. Justification: In many developing countries like Zambia, the true incidence of Hemolytic...

Background Zambia is a resource constrained country with a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence of 16% among adults aged 15-49 years. The HIV sero prevalence in urban antenatal clinics is approximately 25% and it is estimated that 28,000 infants are born with HIV infection annually....

Background Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) is a condition associated with prematurity and is related to bleeding in the capillary network of the germinal matrix of the developing brain. IVH puts these preterm neonates at risk for long term disability such as cerebral palsy, hydrocephalus,...