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Background: Making a diagnosis of HIV infection in children aged less than 18 months remains a challenge in low resource set ups like Zambia due to scarcity of DNA PCR testing equipment which is the gold standard. Clinicians in rural areas have to depend on HIV ELISA tests and clinical diagnosis...

Perinatal transmission of Human Immunodeflency Virus (HIV) from mother to her new born can be prevented in most cases using a combination of Antiretroviral drugs reducing the risk to less than one percent(l%). However despite the beneficial effects of these drugs, maternal-fetal transfer of these...