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Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for over 80% of adolescents living with HIV worldwide, while teenage pregnancy was 78% among adolescents. In Zambia, the situation is not very different, with 12.8% for HIV prevalence and 29% for teenage pregnancy demonstrating increased exposure to sexual behaviour....

Hypospadias is a common congenital penile abnormality with an incidence of 1 in 250 per live male births. It occurs as a birth defect resulting in the urethral opening being located anywhere from the glans along the ventral aspect of the shaft of the penis up to the scrotum or perineum in extreme...

The low utilization of health facilities for delivery in Sub-Saharan Africa is a major concern despite the availability of global Motherhood initiatives to increase health facility usage. The concept of using Safe Motherhood Action Groups (SMAGs) is emerging to be a useful tool for referral of...

Adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy leads to restoration of the immune function and reduces HIV-related adverse outcomes. However non adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy has eroded this advantage leading to increased morbidity and compromised quality of life among HIV...

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) interventions, in addition to Mass Drug Administration (MDA), are necessary for controlling and eliminating many neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Collaboration between disease control programmes and stakeholders in WASH is a critical next step as Rwanda...

The Frequency of Leukaemia types vary in different geographical locations and between age groups and gender. The diagnosis of Leukaemia at UTH is done by Morphological examination of blood or bone marrow smears only. Immunophenotyping is a further diagnostic tool that can be performed to diagnose...

The purpose of this study was to explore functional literacy related challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in Lusaka district. The objectives of the study were to: identify functional literacy programmes (FLPs) for women entrepreneurs available in Lusaka district; determine how women...

Many studies from a number of different nations around the world have consistently demonstrated unacceptably high rates of medical injury and preventable deaths. Patient safety has been, and still is, a cause for concern in health care systems all over the world. WHO is providing technical...

Pancytopenia is a hematologic condition characterised by leukopenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Pancytopenia is not a diagnosis and has to be qualified by determination of its cause. The aetiologies of pancytopenia are diverse, and study of bone marrow cytology and histology are key components...

Globally, truckers have been reported to have an important role in the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Evidence on uptake of HIV testing among this key population is not well established. We examined factors associated with HIV testing...