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A wide spectrum of vulvar lesions has been reported. However, few studies have characterized vulvar lesions among HIV infected women. HIV infected women have a higher risk of vulvar neoplasia than those who are not HIV infected. Furthermore, a rise in the incidence of vulvar cancer has been...

Background: Intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the only modifiable risk factor in the management of glaucoma. Accurate measurement of IOP is key in determining individuals at risk of glaucoma. Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is the gold standard method for measuring IOP. In designing the...

Hirschprung’s disease is a congenital disorder that is characterised by functional constipation whose onset is dependent on the length of affected bowel and always involves the rectum. Despite having a diagnostic challenge, rectal biopsy for histological analysis is the most definitive form of...

Poor sanitation has been characteristic of most peri-urban areas in Zambia resulting in environmental contamination with pathogens such as Escherichia coli consequently leading to high morbidity of enteric diseases. Foodborne E. coli transmission is recognized as being responsible for a major...

Cancer of the cervix is one of the commonest cancers among women seen at Cancer Diseases Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Pelvic Radiotherapy is the main treatment modality used on Cervical Cancer patients. Pelvic Radiotherapy causes vaginal stenosis in women, but this stenosis can be prevented by...

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world. It is the leading cause of adult-onset disability, and causes nearly 80% of all global stroke mortalities. After suffering from a stroke, patients, suffer from varying degrees of disability that require...

Septic arthritis refers to an infection involving the joint. Management of these patients involves prompt diagnosis, surgical treatment and antibiotics. Delay in treatment could result in poor functional outcome and severe cases fatality. Antibiotic treatment requires knowledge of the local...

Introduction: Early detection and successful treatment of people with Tuberculosis (TB) prevents millions of deaths globally. Yet, gaps persist in the detection and treatment of TB. Zambia’s weak health system only exacerbates matters with the country having one of the highest TB burdens in the...

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common pathology in the main intensive care unit (MICU) at University Teaching Hospitals (UTH), with patients being admitted for airway protection, stabilisation, and close monitoring of vitals, thus helping prevent secondary brain injury. Mortality of...

Cataract is a major cause of blindness universally. The 2012 report from the World Health Organization stated that cataract was accountable for 50% of avoidable blindness in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with the outcome of cataract...