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The hazardous effects of tobacco smoking on health have been re-echoed world all over for over half a century now. Nearly, 80 % of the world’s tobacco-related deaths occur in low and middle income countries. Zambia, a middle income country and a signed party to the World Health Organization...

Trial of labour after one previous caesarean section is safe in appropriately selected women with the addition of adequate intrapartum monitoring and ready access to theatre when emergency caesarean section is indicated. The primary objective of this study was to explore the major obstetric...

Male involvement in antenatal care services refers to various ways in which men are involved in women’s health during pregnancy from a very early stage, which includes provision of finances, nutrition, physical and emotional support. Having men at the centre of women’s health is an essential...

Male partner involvement is critical in programs for the Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (EMTCT) in curbing paediatric HIV infections. However, the level of male involvement in EMTCT and associated factors are not well known in Lukulu. The aim of this study was to investigate...

Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a disease affecting the elderly men, which can be treated either medically ( alpha blockers or 5 alpha reductase inhibitors) or surgically. The aim of this study was to identify pre treatment factors that would predict or influence response to medical...

Environmental pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that have the potential to cause adverse health outcomes. Open waste disposal sites are among the main causes of environmental pollution and public health hazards. In Namibia, majority of the towns, including...

Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for over 80% of adolescents living with HIV worldwide, while teenage pregnancy was 78% among adolescents. In Zambia, the situation is not very different, with 12.8% for HIV prevalence and 29% for teenage pregnancy demonstrating increased exposure to sexual behaviour....

Hypospadias is a common congenital penile abnormality with an incidence of 1 in 250 per live male births. It occurs as a birth defect resulting in the urethral opening being located anywhere from the glans along the ventral aspect of the shaft of the penis up to the scrotum or perineum in extreme...

The low utilization of health facilities for delivery in Sub-Saharan Africa is a major concern despite the availability of global Motherhood initiatives to increase health facility usage. The concept of using Safe Motherhood Action Groups (SMAGs) is emerging to be a useful tool for referral of...

Adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy leads to restoration of the immune function and reduces HIV-related adverse outcomes. However non adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy has eroded this advantage leading to increased morbidity and compromised quality of life among HIV...