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Background: Fetal distress is a common indication for an emergency caesarean section (C/S). The term fetal distress refers to the presence of signs in a pregnant woman that suggests that the fetus may be compromised and this is manifest by fetal heart rate abnormalities and/or presence of fresh...

Background: Globally the HIV infection status amongst adolescents aged 13 – 24 years estimates high prevalence of infection among adolescents, most without knowing that they are infected; making it difficult for them to access necessary care and support UNICEF (2011). Zambia has recorded equally...

Introduction: Durability of the first highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen is a major key to long term access, scalability and sustainability of an HIV treatment program. It is important to know the incidence rate of initial HAART regimen change, the reasons and factors associated...

HIV and AIDS has significantly contributed to the rise of under-five morbidity and mortality in Africa. This threatens recent gains in infant and child survival and health. In Malawi, as in most other southern African countries, the care of HIV exposed children is mostly constrained due to the...

Malaria remains one of the treatable and preventable infectious diseases, and yet still claims more than 660,000 lives every year worldwide. Malaria diagnosis in some health facilities is based on falciparum rapid diagnostic test and hence missed the other species. Furthermore, there is no data...

Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the effects of PTB as a co-morbid condition in HIV+ adults on neurocognitive functions.Rationale: The study will help in understanding the impact and effects of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) on the HIV+ Zambian adults and how far it affects the...

Introduction :Counterfeiting affects all medical products, from medicines and pharmaceutical ingredients to medical devices and diagnostics. Counterfeit drugs including overt forgeries, pharmaceutically-sound close imitations, substandard generic medications, gray pharmaceuticals, and repackaged...

Background:Retaining in care for patients initiated on HAART is a challenge for health care facilities where patients are being lost at different points in the continuum of care. General Objective:To determine the extent of retention in care for patients receiving highly active antiretroviral...

Background:Amphotericin-B deoxycholate is an essential agent in the management of cryptococcal meningitis. Despite its proven antifungal potency it has several untoward side effects which include renal failure, hypomagnesaemia, hypokalaemia, phlebitis and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus....

Pregnancy intention at the time of conception has an impact on the wellbeing and health of the mother and newborn. A hospital-based study was conducted at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka to estimate the proportion of unplanned or unintended pregnancy among mothers who delivered at the...