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Productivity achievement has become an illusory and diminutive economic objective for most struggling Third World countries. For instance, on the performance of the Zambian economy we note that the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita has declined from about 500 United States Dollars to about...

Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) is an economic model of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) that was adopted by a number of Third World countries as far back as the 1960s' as a way of rectifying the macro-economic...

This is a study of the participation of Angolan refugee women in relation to their male counterparts in aid programmes at Meheba Refugee Settlement. It examines the types of aid programmes designed for refugees at the Settlement. The study also investigates the level of refugees' participation in...

As the policy of Import Substitution emphasises the utilisation of local raw material inputs, the strategy is expected to have spatial influence on the distribution of manufacturing industries. Since long links between supporting plants adversely affected profitability levels, manufacturing...

In Zambia industrial development is a recent phenomenon. Development was introduced into Zambia by the British South Africa Company at the close of last century; with copper mining emerging as the most important economic activity in the country, eventually resulting in the development of a...

The scale of corruption is magnified by the size and scope of the construction sector, estimated globally at US$3,200 billion per year (Transparency International, 2005). As economic crimes such as fraud, bid-rigging, bribery, collusion, coercion and extortion have grown worldwide, so has the...

The role of transport and communications in Regional Economic Development: the case of Chama and Lundazi districts of Eastern Province. This paper examines the implications of improvements in the transport and communications systems on the economic development of the two districts, which are...