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Introduction: Kidney disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is very common. The cause of the various histological appearances include HIV infection of the kidney, immunologic responses to the virus, opportunistic infections, neoplasms and consequences of anti-retroviral therapy that...

Background Empyema Thoracis is known to result from the infection of pleural effusions arising from many different causes. The histology of the pleura, and the microbiology of the pus contained is what this study was attempting to uncover. Objectives 1. To determine the pleural histology of...

Objectives Drug dosing errors are common in patients with renal impairment and could cause adverse effects and poor outcomes. The study reviewed tenofovir and lamivudine dosing errors as a component of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen in patients with renal impairment at...

Title: The Effect of HIV Infection on the Duration of the Stabilization Phase in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. Background: Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is a major cause of under 5 mortality in developing countries. The prevalence...

Intestinal Perforations(IP) are a common cause of generalized peritonitis, the fecal contamination and overwhelming sepsis that result lead to high morbidity and mortality. Primary infectious causes include Typhoid and Tuberculosis. A high prevalence of Tuberculosis and annual typhoid fever...

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a growing global problem. In Zambia, CSA was found to be a significant concern in Lusaka and to be associated with a high risk of HIV infection. CSA provides an increasing but highly unfortunate avenue of paediatric HIV infections among Zambian children. OBJECTIVE The...

Introduction Adherence to ART is a challenge among pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS. This has an effect on the health of the mother and the unborn child. While studies have been done, it has shown that adherence during pregnancy is a challenge. Ensuring adherence to the prescribed ART...

Although neonatal sepsis occurs in approximately 15% of neonatal admissions in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is minimal data on its causes and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that might guide policy and practice. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Group B streptococcus...

Atazanavir-ritonavir (ATV-r) has been recommended by the World Health Organization as part of second-line combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-infected patients aged 6 years and above. In 2013, the Zambia HIV treatment program introduced ATV-ras an alternative Protease Inhibitor (PI)...

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global infectious disease health problem. It causes ill-health among millions of people each year. Tanzania, like other countries in Africa, shares the same TB burden with an estimated prevalence of 337 per 100,000 populations. Many people including Health Care...