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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are normal inhabitants of human and animal skin as well as mucous membranes, yet they have emerged as significant pathogens in healthcare settings, causing serious infections. Initially described as avirulent in 1884, CoNS, particularly Staphylococcus...

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly contagious and severe infectious disease of cattle that is listed as a notifiable disease by the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH). CBPP is caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony, which can lead to severe...

Poultry houses accommodate substantial amounts of microorganisms which are carried by the dust present in these premises and the effects of this dust on humans and animal health is detrimental when inhaled. Extended Spectrum beta lactamases are a universal public health alarm which are frequently...

Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a significant number of bacteria in the urine (2 consecutive specimens with isolation of at least 100,000 colony-forming units (CFU) per mL of the same bacterial species) that occurs without usual symptoms of urinary tract infection. Pregnant women are generally at...

Catheter associated urinary tract infection (C.A.U.T.I.) is the most common nosocomial infection in hospitals worldwide and the incidence has been reported to be upto 35%. The growing antibiotic resistance amongst the uropathogens isolated from CAUTI makes it difficult for its management.In...

Meningitis and encephalitis are important causes of admissions and mortality in Zambia. There is a worldwide geographical and regional variation in the causative agents. Apart from bacteria, little is known about viral agents that cause the disease in Zambia. To identify the viral and bacterial...

Enterococci are commensal gram-positive bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. They have emerged as important nosocomial pathogens due to their ability to acquire and confer antimicrobial resistance genes, hence making management of infections due to Enterococcus species difficult....

Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that remains a major global public health problem. Syphilis is caused by the bacterium called Treponema pallidum. There are 5.6 million new cases of syphilis worldwide each year and in Zambia the risk of acquiring HIV infection...

Background Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection that commonly affects both males and females, yet much of the information about it centres on women because it is associated with cervical cancer, the most common malignancy in women of child...

Background:Male circumcision (MC) is the surgical removal of the foreskin in males. Observational studies have shown a correlation between MC and HIV prevalence, such that in areas with high MC prevalence (> 80%), HIV prevalence is generally lower (<10%) (Bailey et al, 2007). Subsequently, three...