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It is well known that water is a natural resource without which all living things cannot exist. It is a natural requirement for all living things to have access to water, if they have to be alive. It is why seventy percent of our planet earth is covered by water, though the world population is...

Introduction: Access to safe and clean water is important as a health and development issue at regional, national and local levels (World Health Organization, 2006). Throughout human history, the major health problems that humans have faced are concerned with community life such as control of...

This study sought to analyze the effect of community sensitization on the outcome of indoor residual spraying program against mosquitoes in Mpika district of Zambia. Indoor residual spray using carbamate insecticide was carried out in two phases: phase one march to April, phase two October to...

The principal areas and causes of environmental degradation include land degradation through erosion, land, air and water pollution to mention only but a few. Many of these environmental issues emanate from mining activities in one way or the other. Although these environmental concerns are...

There are several environmental conditions that have become areas of major concern at global, regional and national levels both in urban and rural areas. These conditions are as a result of environmental degradation such as deforestation, indiscriminate waste disposal, poor health and sanitation,...

In Zambia, mining of minerals is concentrated in the Copperbelt province. This and other industries of the area has brought about environmental degradation through release of possible unwanted toxic substances. The purpose of this study was to obtain the concentration of heavy metal pollutants,...

Small-scale mining (SSM) activities in Tanzania are conducted using rudimentary mining tools such as shovels, hoes, picks and chisels. In most cases, mining practices do not use engineering plans and designs and usually are done haphazardly resulting in abandoned shafts, pits, trenches and other...

Monitoring and evaluation assessments of the IRS programmes reveal an inability to meet set IRS coverage targets. The purpose of this was to determine the factors that influence the low IRS coverage. A cross sectional household study was carried out in Lusaka District’s Mtendere, Kanyama and...

Environmental pollution has reached alarming proportions in Zambia. Mining and industrial activities have been responsible for water, soil, plant and air pollution. The principal objectives of this study were to determine the extent of pollution of soil and vegetation by cadmium, copper, lead and...

In Zambia, mining of minerals is concentrated in the Copperbelt province. This and other industries of the area has brought about environmental degradation through release of possible unwanted toxic substances. The purpose of this study was to obtain the concentration of heavy metal pollutants,...