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Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) interventions, in addition to Mass Drug Administration (MDA), are necessary for controlling and eliminating many neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Collaboration between disease control programmes and stakeholders in WASH is a critical next step as Rwanda...

This Thesis examined whether public health expenditure had an impact on infant and under-five mortality in Tanzania. Additionally, it examines whether domestic government and donor expenditure on malaria had an impact on under-five malaria specific mortality in Tanzania Mainland. The average...

Globally, more than 50% of pregnant women attend antenatal care in the first trimester in most developed countries. However, in developing countries, less than 50% of pregnant women do so. Timing of the first antenatal care visit in the first trimester is important because it allows for...

Malaria is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality especially in children under 5 years and pregnant women in Zambia. Environmental factors and behavioral patterns of vectors and human populations combine to provide favorable conditions for malaria transmission. Focal-Indoor Residual Spraying...

In 2013, Zambia accepted the immediate operationalization of Option B+, a policy used to try and eliminate mother to child transmission. This policy requires all HIV-positive pregnant and breastfeeding women to initiate antiretroviral treatment for life regardless of CD4 count. However, not all...

A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted to assess the impact on malaria prevalence of ITNs combined with IRS in Geita district, IRS alone in Nyang’hwale district and to compare the two interventions between the two districts. Malaria is a protozoan disease and one of the leading causes...

Malaria in pregnancy causes adverse birth outcomes. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) is recommended as a chemoprevention therapy. Despite the effectiveness of the intervention, Zomba district has below national average uptake...

Background: Despite several strides made to control malaria in Zambia, it still is endemic in many parts of the country and remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Its epidemiology is characterised by varying transmission intensities which may bring about change in the...

This study was undertaken in order to make an enquiry on the benefits and possible improvements of the Malaria Prevention Health Education Program (MPHEP) in Mtendere Residential area. The objectives were to; determine the benefits of the MPHEP; investigate the content of the MPHEP; establish the...

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy outside the uterine cavity and is a life-threatening emergency in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology. It is a most common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. In resource-constrained settings,...