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Small-scale mining (SSM) activities in Tanzania are conducted using rudimentary mining tools such as shovels, hoes, picks and chisels. In most cases, mining practices do not use engineering plans and designs and usually are done haphazardly resulting in abandoned shafts, pits, trenches and other...

The literature on the mineral deposits and small-scale mining activities in Zambia has been reviewed. The present state of the industry has been described with particular reference to the supportive services given by various institutions. The way in which the research, government and mining...