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Background: Ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy outside the uterine cavity and is a life-threatening emergency in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology. It is a most common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. In resource-constrained settings,...

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is treated with four drugs: Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RIF), Pyrazinamide (PZA) and Ethambutol (E). The emergence of drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis threatens the success of national tuberculosis (TB) programmes. Zambia has recorded a...

Background: Fetal distress is a common indication for an emergency caesarean section (C/S). The term fetal distress refers to the presence of signs in a pregnant woman that suggests that the fetus may be compromised and this is manifest by fetal heart rate abnormalities and/or presence of fresh...

Background: There is scientific evidence in support of the benefit of caesarean section for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). However, information on the extent of complications and maternal mortality associated with caesarean section in HIV infected women in low...

There is now compelling evidence that magnesium sulphate is effective and recommended for use in the prevention and treatment of eclampsia seizures(1'2). The benefits of magnesium sulphate (MgSC>4) includes reduction of recurrent seizures by more than 50%, and improved maternal and neonatal...

Background Rural-to-urban migration has been a powerful trend in developing countries. When people migrate from rural to urban areas, they face problems of dislocation and need to adapt to new, often difficult surroundings. Consequently, they face many risks to their health, including their...

There are few documented studies of human umbilical cord length and its insertion into the chorionic plate. However abnormal umbilical cord length (either excessive or shortened) is a known risk factor for adverse perinatal outcome. Long cords have been associated with cord prolapse,...

Objective is to explore issues of accessibility, administration, transition to regular family planning, training and management of side effects as applied to emergency contraceptive pills. Subjects were 52 Health care providers -18 doctors practicing Obstetrics and Gynaecology and 34 nurse family...

Maternal mortality in developed countries has declined dramatically over the last 60 years, and is now very low. Women in industrialized countries have an average lifetime risk of dying from pregnancy-related causes of between 1 in 4000 and 1 in 10,000 pregnancies whereas women in developing...

The teenage period is between 12 and 19 years. Pregnancy in the teenager poses special social, psycological and medical risks both to the mother and her offsping. Because of the physical, physiological and emotional immaturity of the adolescent period, pregnant teenagers are prone to developing...