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Self-medication is treating self-diagnosed illnesses without the input of health professionals. Self-medication is a public health problem. The practice may lead to the development of drug resistant strains of micro-organisms, create difficulties for health professionals to evaluate the disease...

Stunting continues to be a major public health problem globally. Stunting is a manifestation of many factors including inadequate food intake and poor health conditions. However, poor quality nutritional diets during pregnancy, infancy and early childhood lead to inadequate nutrient intake. The...

Aflatoxin contamination is a major global public health problem especially in developing countries. Its risk effect on human consumption of peanut butter has posed a serious public health challenge by increasing morbidity and mortality in human populations. In Zambia, local and international...

Cervical cancer though preventable is a serious public health problem. Cervical cancer can be treated and detected while it is early invasive or pre-invasive significantly improves the probability of curing the disease. WHO reported that cervical cancer is the second most common cause of female...

Palliative care in Zambia began in the 1990’s due to rising numbers of chronic illnesses of people infected with HIV and rising Non-communicable diseases such as Cancers at 60% in 85% of the Lower Medium Income Countries (WHO, 2014). The study was done in Ndola City, the Copperbelt provincial...

Research evidence suggests that male circumcision is perceived in some areas as protective against Human Immune Virus (HIV) infection, and has even been referred to as the “invisible condom.” Such perceptions of protection may lead to increased risk behaviours, including reduced condom use. The...

Male involvement in antenatal care clinic is defined as the male partners’ active participation in attending antenatal services. Men serve as gatekeepers to women’s access to reproductive health services. Male participation in antenatal care and HIV testing helps to decrease infant HIV infection...

The World Health Organisation (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 2016 recommended early infant male circumcision EIMC for prevention of HIV. Ministry of Health and other Non-Governmental organisations (NGO) such as CIDRZ are determined to reach male circumcision prevalence of...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common STI and major cause of cervical cancer globally. Zambia has one of the highest cervical cancer rates in the world. Approximately 54 cases per 100 000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer annually with 1,400 dying (SALC Report, 2012). Preliminary...

The use of pesticides in Zambia‟s agriculture sector is increasingly being seen as an important aspect of agricultural technology and innovation and as being critical for agriculture development, economic growth and poverty reduction. The use of pesticides however, often leads to the presence of...