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There has been some evidence that because of life saving combination Antiretroviral therapy (cART), people living with HIV are living longer and it is apparent that they are at an increased risk of developing non communicable diseases (NCD) including diabetes mellitus. Despite this recognition,...

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health problem that claims millions of lives every year. The emergence of drug resistant tuberculosis has been recognised as the major threat to the control of TB. The first most important drug resistant TB is the Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis...

Background: Worldwide, antimicrobials are widely used in food producing animals for treatment and/or prophylaxis of various bacterial infections because of continued high disease burdens as a result of poor animal health service delivery systems. For instance, in Tanzania, indiscriminate and...

The use of pesticides in Zambia‟s agriculture sector is increasingly being seen as an important aspect of agricultural technology and innovation and as being critical for agriculture development, economic growth and poverty reduction. The use of pesticides however, often leads to the presence of...

Zinc, Copper and Selenium are important trace elements in human health and disease. They play a vital role as cofactors of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxide. These act as first line antioxidants enzymes in red blood cells and in plasma. In sickle-cell anaemia patients,...

Well-functioning disease surveillance and response systems are vital for the effective implementation of disease control and prevention programmes. In 2000, Zambia adopted the World Health Organisation for Africa Regions’ (WHO-AFRO) Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response strategy (IDSR) to...

Tenofovir disoproxil fumerate (TDF)-based antiretroviral therapy places HIV-infected patients at high risk of renal dysfunction. Therefore, we evaluated if the incidence of renal dysfunction in HIV positive adults patients on long term tenofovir-based regimen versus those on non-tenofovir use. We...

Breast Cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) and Breast Cancer gene 2 (BRCA2) have gained major scientific interest as potential prognostic and predictive markers for various tumours. Management of breast cancer depends on availability of robust clinical and pathological prognostic and predictive factors to...

Obesity is increasing in pregnant women and at delivery and is associated with increased risk of instrumental delivery, operative delivery, macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, and poor foetal outcomes. This study aimed to determine the association of maternal obesity with maternal and foetal...

Globally, mental health is recognised as an important component of health. However, it is one of the most neglected areas in the health sector. Poor mental health has been linked to low socioeconomic status. With many Zambians living in poverty, susceptibility to these conditions is high. While...